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Publius Sextilius
Publius Sextilius was a Roman praetor (92 BC?) and governor of Africa during the civil wars between Sulla and Marius. As propraetor in 88 B.C., he refused Marius and his followers asylum in Africa.〔Plutarch, ''Marius'' 40.3–4; Appian, ''Bellum civile'' 1.62 as Σέξστιος; Varro, ''De re rustica'' 1.1.10 with the title praetor; T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', vol. 2 (New York 1952), pp. 41, 49, 620.〕
==Marius in Africa==
Plutarch presents a highly colored version of how Sextilius rejected Marius and furnishes a moral:〔See T.F. Carney, "The Flight and Exile of Marius," ''Greece & Rome'' 8 (1961) 98–121: "It must occur to anyone who reads Plutarch's account of Marius' flight and exile to wonder how much of this thrilling and romantic tale is historically true."〕
Little is known of this Sextilius. It is likely that he belonged to the senatorial family of Sextilii who used the ''praenomen'' Publius, among them a 2nd-century B.C. praetor from whom a letter fragment survives.〔E. Badian, “A ''fundus'' at Fundi,” ''American Journal of Philology'' 101 (1980), p. 111; D.R. Shackleton Bailey, “The Roman Nobility in the Second Civil War,” ''Classical Quarterly'' 10 (1960), p. 263, note 1.〕 At one time, numismatic evidence was interpreted as referring to Sextilius as praetor and propraetor, but the coin has since been determined to belong to the Augustan period.〔See discussion in T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 45, note 4.〕
Before the arrival of Marius in Africa, Sextilius had taken a neutral position in the civil war. He had allowed some of Marius's allies to join up with Hiempsal II, king of Numidia, who at that time was attempting to gain the confidence of the Marians while acting on behalf of Sulla. If Sextilius had been serious about carrying out his threat to treat Marius as a public enemy — a senatorial decree which sanctioned his execution at sight — he most likely would have allowed Marius to enter the country rather than warning him off. The difficulty of Sextilius's position is indicated by the consequences of his action: since no further public office for him is known, he evidently pleased neither side in the conflict.〔T.F. Carney, "The Flight and Exile of Marius," ''Greece & Rome'' 8 (1961), pp. 113–114. Carney argues that both Hiempsal and Sextilius were attempting to maintain the appearance of complying with the senatorial decree while taking no direct action against Marius.〕
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